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Austrian Pavilion

Biennale Architettura 2021

Curators: Peter Mörtenböck

& Helge Mooshammer

Night Soil

Bio-Politics
Capital

[1] Tanya Lewis, ‘Poop Apps: 5 Tools for Tracking Your Stools’, livescience.com, April 2014, https://www.livescience.com/45150-apps-for-tracking-your-poop.html.

[2] A word found in Plutarch, to describe 'functional devices that would enable individuals to question their own conduct, to watch over and give shape to it, and to shape themselves as ethical subjects'. Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality. Vol.2, The Use of Pleasure, trans. Robert Hurley (London: Penguin, 1987),12 – 13.

[3] What led Marx to describe it as the 'robbing of the soil' of a valuable ingredient: 'Capitalist production, by collecting the population in great centres, and causing an ever-increasing preponderance of town population, on the one hand concentrates the historical motive power of society; on the other hand, it disturbs the circulation of matter between man and the soil, i.e., prevents the return to the soil of its elements consumed by man in the form of food and clothing; (…) Moreover, all progress in capitalistic agriculture is a progress in the art, not only of robbing the labourer, but of robbing the soil;'

Karl Marx, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy / Vol. 1 (London: Penguin Books in association with New Left Review, 1990), 330. My emphasis.

[4] John Sheail, 'Town Wastes, Agricultural Sustainability and Victorian Sewage,' Urban History 23, no. 2 (August 1996): 189 – 210, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0963926800011925.

[5] Stephen Halliday, An Underground Guide to Sewers, or Down, Through & Out in Paris, London, New York &c. (Cambirdge, MA: MIT Press, 2019).

[6] Dana Simmons, 'Waste Not, Want Not: Excrement and Economy in Nineteenth-Century France,' Representations 96, no. 1 (2006): 73 – 98, https://doi.org/10.1525/rep.2006.96.1.73.

[7] Ibid.

[8] This post is dedicated to Andreas Kofler

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